Comparison of Dietary Content According to Salt Intake in Children

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  • Okada Emiko
    Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Biedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
  • Takimoto Hidemi
    Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Biedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition

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Other Title
  • 岐阜県下呂市における幼児の食塩摂取量別にみた食事内容の検討
  • ギフケン ゲロシ ニ オケル ヨウジ ノ ショクエン セッシュリョウ ベツ ニ ミタ ショクジ ナイヨウ ノ ケントウ

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Abstract

<p>Objective: This study aimed to clarify salt intake among children in Gero City, Gifu, and compare and examine dietary content according to salt intake.</p><p>Methods: From April 2016 to March 2019, 535 children aged 3 years who underwent health checkups in Gero City and 657 children aged 5 years enrolled in nursery schools were included. A urinalysis and lifestyle questionnaire, including dietary content, were administered. Daily salt intake was estimated using urine salt test paper or the conversion formula from urinary sodium concentration. We categorized the breakfast and dinner dietary contents for those whose salt intake was within the target range of the Japanese Dietary Reference Intake (2020) and above the 95th percentile, and compared them.</p><p>Results: Mean salt intakes were 6.9 g and 7.8 g for 3- and 5-year-olds, respectively. There were 82 children (15.5%) aged 3 years and 22 (3.4%) aged 5 years whose salt intake was within the target range. Breakfast for both 3- and 5-year-olds was mostly classified as "breads" and "other Japanese foods." Among 5-year-olds whose salt intake was above the 95th percentile, 13 children (32.5%) ate soba noodles, udon noodles, rice bowls, and curry and rice for dinner.</p><p>Conclusion: Children aged 3 and 5 years were found to have high salt intake. Among children with a particularly high salt intake, 52.3% of 3-year-olds and 62.5% of 5-year-olds ate other Japanese foods for breakfast. Promotional activities for salt reduction should continue to improve and support dietary habits at home and throughout the community.</p>

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