Effects of Combination Treatment by Hydrogen Cyanamide and Different Forcing Timing on Dormancy Breaking, Vegetative Growth, and Reproductive Growth of Two Low Chilling Requirement Blueberry

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  • Lai Yi-Chun
    Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University
  • Ogata Tsuneo
    Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University
  • Hamada Kazutoshi
    Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University

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  • シアナミドおよび異なる促成開始時期の組合わせ処理が低温要求量の少ないブルーベリー2品種の休眠打破，栄養成長および生殖成長に及ぼす影響
  • シアナミド オヨビ コトナル ソクセイ カイシ ジキ ノ クミアワセ ショリ ガ テイオン ヨウキュウリョウ ノ スクナイ ブルーベリー 2 ヒンシュ ノ キュウミン ダハ,エイヨウ セイチョウ オヨビ セイショク セイチョウ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

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Abstract

<p>We examined the effects of different forcing dates and hydrogen cyanamide combination treatments on dormancy breaking, vegetative growth, and reproductive growth in two low chilling requirement southern highbush blueberry cv. ‘Kestrel’ and ‘Star’ under inadequate chilling conditions. The pot grown 3-year-old plants were treated with 0.5% hydrogen cyanamide, or remained untreated before moving into an unheated high tunnel greenhouse on the date when the chill hour (CH.) was achieved. ‘Kestrel’ was forced on CH. 50, 100, and 150, and ‘Star’ was forced on CH. 50, 150, and 400. The hydrogen cyanamide treatments shortened the days to vegetative budbreak after treatment, and significantly promoted bud breaking and leafing compared with the controls despite the accumulated CH. It is suggested that chilling compensation by hydrogen cyanamide is effective even if the accumulated chill is limited for these low-chill varieties. Although flowering seemed to be unaffected by the treatments, the peak harvest was significantly advanced and the fruit development period was also shortened. These results were associated with the promotion of vegetative budburst, such as an early leaf out increased photosynthetic rate and canopy establishment during the early growing season, which contributed to the fruit growth. Our results suggested that forcing cultivation for low-chill blueberry under inadequate chilling conditions by hydrogen cyanamide is effective for compensating chill which leads to the early vegetative growth.</p>

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