EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF BOTTOM MUD TRANSPORT AND TSUNAMI WAVE FORCES CONSIDERING PRESSURE GRADIENT

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  • 圧力勾配を考慮した底泥移動と津波波力に関する実験的研究

Abstract

<p> In the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, the so-called “black tsunami”, which involved bottom mud and sludge, were observed, and their effect on tsunami loads is concerned. Although it is required to quantitatively evaluate the effect of changes in density and viscosity due to the inclusion of bottom mud, there are few previous studies on the bottom mud transport for unsteady and large pressure gradient flows such as tsunamis. This study aimed to investigate the bottom mud transport and wave force characteristics, and the suspended mud experiment using a moving bed and the tsunami impact force experiment with different density fluids were conducted. The results indicated that the bottom mud movement patterns are different depending on the relationship between the yield shear strength of the bottom mud and the pressure gradient of the flow, and that the suspension characteristics of the bottom mud differed depending on the pressure gradient even at the same flow velocity. In addition, it was suggested that the relationship of the tsunami wave force to the density of muddy water depends on the incident waveform of tsunami.</p>

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