Differences of educational practices for disaster risk reduction in elementary and junior high school in coastal areas in three prefectures affected by the Great East Earthquake

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  • Saito Ryo
    International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS) Tohoku University
  • Muramoto Toshiaki
    International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS) Tohoku University
  • Oda Takashi
    Graduate School of Arts and Science, The University of Tokyo

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Other Title
  • 東日本大震災被災三県沿岸地域小中学校における震災学習の違い
  • 東日本大震災被災三県沿岸地域小中学校における震災学習の違い : 県間と学校種間の比較を通して
  • ヒガシニホン ダイシンサイ ヒサイ サンケン エンガン チイキ ショウチュウガッコウ ニ オケル シンサイ ガクシュウ ノ チガイ : ケン カン ト ガッコウシュ カン ノ ヒカク オ トオシテ
  • A comparison study in prefectures and in types of school
  • 県間と学校種間の比較を通して

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Abstract

This study surveyed the current state of school disaster education in coastal areas in school (elementary and junior high schools) in three prefectures (Iwate, Miyagi, and Fukushima) affected by the Great East Japan earthquake (11th March, 2011) in ninth year of the disaster by questionnaire and analyzed the data by comparing among prefectures and between school types. The results of differences among prefectures showed that the degree of the Nuclear Power Plant was larger in Fukushima prefecture than in Miyagi prefecture, and in Miyagi prefecture than in Iwate prefecture, and the degree of reputational damage was larger in Fukushima prefecture than in Iwate prefecture and Miyagi prefecture (no difference between Iwate prefecture and Miyagi prefecture). Mechanisms of nature phenomenon (e.g., earthquake and tsunami) and mental health care tend not to be taught in Fukushima prefecture compared with other two prefectures. The results of differences　by school types revealed that elementary school teachers teach the facts and experiences of the disaster (e.g., the damage of the disaster, the story of recovery, the disaster experience, and the situation of the school area) compared with junior high school teachers. Also elementary school teachers regard increasing the number of children who do not know the disaster as a problem compared to junior high school teachers, but there is no difference in mental health support to children and their parents between school types. These results uncovered the differences of school disaster education in elementary and junior high school in coastal area in three prefectures. Finally, this study discusses the importance and significance of a longitudinal study and a case study in future research.

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