Evaluation of elevated plasma fatty acids as relevant factors for adult-onset asthma: The Nagahama Study

  • Tashima Noriyuki
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Matsumoto Hisako
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
  • Nishi Kenta
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Terada Satoru
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Kogo Mariko
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Nomura Natsuko
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Morimoto Chie
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Sunadome Hironobu
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Nagasaki Tadao
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Oguma Tsuyoshi
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Nakatsuka Yoshinari
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Murase Kimihiko
    Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Kawaguchi Takahisa
    Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Tabara Yasuharu
    Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health
  • Chin Kazuo
    Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Sleep Medicine and Respiratory Care, Nihon University of Medicine
  • Sonomura Kazuhiro
    Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Life Science Research Center, Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation
  • Matsuda Fumihiko
    Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Hirai Toyohiro
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine

抄録

<p>Background: Obesity and increased body mass index (BMI) are the known risk factors for adult-onset asthma. Serum free fatty acid (FFA) and other blood lipid levels are generally elevated in patients with obesity and may be involved in the onset of asthma. However, it remains largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between plasma fatty acids and new-onset asthma.</p><p>Methods: This community-based Nagahama Study in Japan enrolled 9804 residents. We conducted self-reporting questionnaires, lung function tests, and blood tests at baseline and 5 years later as follow-up. At the follow-up, plasma fatty acids were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Body composition analysis was also measured at the follow-up. The associations between fatty acids and new-onset asthma were evaluated using a multifaceted approach, including targeted partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA).</p><p>Results: In PLS-DA for new-onset asthma, palmitoleic acid was identified as the fatty acid most associated with asthma onset. In the multivariable analysis, higher levels of FFA, palmitoleic acid, or oleic acid were significantly associated with new-onset asthma, independent of other confounding factors. The high body fat percentage itself was not the relevant factor, but showed a positive interaction with plasma palmitoleic acid for new-onset asthma. When stratified by gender, the impacts of higher levels of FFA or palmitoleic acid on new-onset asthma remained significant in females, but not in males.</p><p>Conclusions: Elevated levels of plasma fatty acids, particularly palmitoleic acid, may be a relevant factor for new-onset asthma.</p>

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