植民地期朝鮮における独立国家建設構想 : 儒教思想と新思想の間

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[Abstract] With the advent of modernity, Korea experienced an influx of ideas from the Western world comparable to that in Meiji Japan. However, the Japanese government controlled political discourse in Korea and attempted to prevent the influx of new ideas, especially those that contradicted Japanese national polity, by restricting freedom of publication and the press. Still instead of however, overseas Koreans and foreigners sympathetic to the Korean cause ensured a steady flow of new ideas. Korean intellectuals and independent activists can be divided into different groups with different approaches to how to achieve independence from Japan and what kind of state Korea should become in the future. The purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough overview of the history of ideas concerning the concepts of building a future independent nation, and to analyse which motives were adopted under which premises and circumstances. The main claim of this paper is that Confucian ideas of society, common good and peace, however utopian, together with traditional Korean thought, made it easy to adapt ideas of socialism and communism to overcome Confucian concepts of rule, leading to republican ideas and an open-minded, non-exclusionary nationalism. Such early forms of nationalism were more compatible with internationalist ideas stimulated by socialism and communism. However, intellectuals and activists who attempted to synthesize these ideas ultimately failed due to external political pressures, even after the end of Japanese rule.