Exploration and Collection of Vegetable Genetic Resources in Eastern Cambodia

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  • カンボジア東部における野菜遺伝資源探索，2022年

Abstract

Cambodia is a diversity center for vegetables such as Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae crops, which could be useful genetic resources for breeding programs. Here, we conducted a field exploration in eastern Cambodia to collect vegetable genetic resources based on their cultivation methods and characteristics. A total of 149 samples from 9 crops were collected at 42 new sites in 4 provinces, including 33 species from 9 families: Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Liliaceae, Malvaceae, Poaceae, and Solanaceae. Improved varieties from foreign countries, chemical fertilizers, and insecticides were not frequently used at neither these 42 new sites or those of previous explorations in northern and eastern Cambodia. Herbs such as basils and recao or vegetables such as legumes and amaranth were cultivated at small-scale backyards near farmhouses and used for daily cooking. Additionally, maize cobs with bract and dehusked legumes were stored at farmhouses. Thus, rich genetic resources may be found in and around farmer homes.

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