Dysphagia and Risk of Death in Elderly Patients

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  • 高齢患者の嚥下障害と死亡リスクの検討
  • コウレイ カンジャ ノ エンカ ショウガイ ト シボウ リスク ノ ケントウ

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<p>　Background:　Dysphagia is an important risk factor for aspiration pneumonia and frailty in the elderly and patients with underlying diseases. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of the presence or absence of dysphagia on life expectancy in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dysphagia and prognosis among patients aged 65 and above who were admitted to Yahatahama City General Hospital between January 2013 and December 2019.</p><p>　Methods:　A total of 838 patients over age 65 who underwent dysphagia evaluation were included in the analysis. The patients were categorized into groups with and without dysphagia, and a comparative analysis was conducted regarding age, gender, primary admission diagnosis, comorbidities, medical history, serum albumin level upon admission, length of hospital stay, intervention period, pre-admission living situation, post-discharge living situation, and overall survival. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was employed to assess survival rates, while risk factors for prognosis were examined using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.</p><p>　Results:　In the group without dysphagia (n＝633), the mortality rate was significantly higher compared to the group with dysphagia (n＝205) (p＜0.001). The 3-year survival rate for patients with impaired swallowing function was 36.8%. Factors associated with mortality at 3 years included age (hazard ratio (HR) 1.06), gender (HR 1.50), history of heart disease (HR 1.28), and presence of impaired swallowing function (HR 2.68).</p><p>　Conclusion:　The presence of dysphagia was identified as a risk factor associated with prognosis in hospitalized patients with various medical conditions.</p>

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