Vertical distribution of available silicon in soil profiles along river terraces of Tokachi, Hokkaido, Japan

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  • SOURIDETH Vilayphone
    Graduate School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences and Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • KINOSHITA Rintaro
    Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • FRANCISCO Elton Amadeus
    Graduate School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences and Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • ONISHI Kazumitsu
    Department of Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • AIUCHI Daigo
    Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • SHIMADA Jingo
    JA Tokachi Shimizu
  • TANI Masayuki
    Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

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<p>Silicon (Si) is known as an important element for cereal crops including wheat (Triticum aestivum) by enhancing resistance against stresses thereby increasing productivity. The Tokachi district of Hokkaido occupies 20 % of the national wheat production area with various soil types present, but the availability of soil Si in relation to the physicochemical and mineralogical properties of the soils have not been assessed in detail. To understand the amount of available Si throughout the soil profile and soil factors affecting the availability, four soil profiles along a river terrace topography were evaluated. The four soil profiles exhibited completely different morphological features and remarkably different physicochemical and mineralogical properties. The differences in the parent materials, such as alluvial and volcanic deposits, and water environment in the lower horizons had strong effects on the soil formation processes, and significant differences in the vertical distribution of humic substances and amorphous minerals. One soil profile was classified as Fluvic soils and three soil profiles were classified as Andosols according to the Japanese Soil Classification System. The available Si content in each horizon of these soil profiles differed markedly, and was higher in the horizons where allophane formation was advanced. Although a strong positive correlation was observed between acid-oxalate soluble Si contents and available Si contents in the soils, further studies will be needed to clarify the relationship of Si between the soils and crops in the study area.</p>

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