Current Status of Oral Function in Periodontal Disease Screening Examinees

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  • 歯周疾患検診受診者における口腔機能の現状
  • シシュウ シッカン ケンシン ジュシンシャ ニ オケル コウコウ キノウ ノ ゲンジョウ

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<p> The aim of this study was to investigate the oral function status of individuals aged 40, 50, 60, and 70 years who were undergoing periodontal disease screening. In total, 137 participants (49 males and 88 females) undergoing periodontal disease screening were included in the study. The oral frailty questionnaire and oral function tests were performed in addition to dental checkups. Oral function was evaluated by assessing six sub-symptoms of poor oral function: low occlusal force, poor oral hygiene, low articulatory oral motor skill, poor chewing ability, low tongue pressure, and compromised swallowing function. Low occlusal force was evaluated by the number of remaining teeth, poor oral hygiene using the tongue coating index, low articulatory oral motor skill using oral diadochokinesis, poor chewing ability using color-changeable chewing gum, low tongue pressure using a tongue pressure measuring device, and compromised swallowing function using EAT-10. The relevant rates and number of applicable sub-symptoms for these factors were calculated and compared among the age groups. The median number of remaining teeth was 28 and median age was 60 years. Of all participants, 67.2% exhibited sub-symptoms of poor oral function, and the rates of sub-symptoms at the age of 70 were significantly higher than those at the age of 40. Regarding the number of applicable sub-symptoms, 32.8% had none, 42.3% of participants had one, and 24.8% had two or more. Among all participants, low articulatory oral motor skills were observed in 50.4%, low tongue pressure in 21.2%, poor chewing ability in 10.2%, poor oral hygiene in 8.8%, low occlusal force in 5.1%, and compromised swallowing function in 2.9%. The present study found sub-symptoms of poor oral function at age 40, and increase with age among participants in periodontal disease screenings.</p>

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