EVALUATION OF OPTIMAL SENSOR PLACEMENT BY RAINFALL-INDUCED SLOPE FAILURE USING MODE ANALYSIS

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<p> This study explores the optimal sensor placement for slope failure real-time monitoring. The sensor placement is optimized based on mode analysis using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and QR decomposition with column pivoting (QR-CP) for a simple model slope with single soil layer. The optimal sensor placement is discussed in terms of the required modes for reconstruction, the model reconstruction error, and the positions of optimal sensor in slope with different types of soil under different rainfall intensities. Results show that variations in rainfall patterns and slope soil properties, such as the soil-water characteristic curve, lead to differences in the information captured by the main modes from the mode analysis. When evaluated by cumulative contribution, the difference can be as large as 24.1% in this study. Furthermore, the results indicate that increasing rainfall intensity causes the optimal sensor locations to shift from the slope surface to deeper positions within the slope. Slopes composed of different soil types exhibit distinct failure modes under rainfall, such as loamy sand slope, which can be highly permeated by rainfall and maintain pore water pressure of approximately 60 kPa above the groundwater table, leading to different distributions of optimal sensor locations.</p>

Journal

  • Journal of JSCE

    Journal of JSCE 13 (2), n/a-, 2025

    Japan Society of Civil Engineers

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