Corona-discharge treatment for surface modification of carbon black for enhanced dispersion in water

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This study was aimed at hydrophilizing carbon black (CB) using a water treatment technique that leverages reactive oxygen species generated by corona discharge. CB, commonly used as a pigment and as a reinforcing material in rubber, requires dispersion in a medium is necessary for such applications. Thus, CB was introduced to aqueous solutions with pH levels of 2.5, 7.5, and 9, and subjected to corona discharge treatment in an oxygen atmosphere. The degree of dispersion of CB particles in water was evaluated through changes in visible-light absorbance of the solutions. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses revealed a decrease in alkyne groups on the CB surface, indicating surface chemical modification. Additionally, CO₂ concentration measurements confirmed the generation of CB-derived CO₂ during the discharge process, indicating that the CB surface exposed to air underwent oxidative decomposition.

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