Taxonomical and ecological notes on Asian bryophytes, 27. : Macrothamnium macrocarpum differs from the closely related M. submacrocarpum (Hylocomiaceae, Musci) in their habitat preference

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  • アジア産蘚苔類の分類・生態ノート27. : フウチョウゴケは形態が酷似するM. submacrocarpumと生育環境が異なる
  • アジアサン センタイルイ ノ ブンルイ ・ セイタイ ノート(27)フウチョウゴケ ワ ケイタイ ガ コクジ スル M. submacrocarpum ト セイイク カンキョウ ガ コトナル

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Abstract

The genus Macrothamnium is a member of the Hylocomiaceae and after the revision by Noguchi (1972) seven species had been known mainly from East and Southeast Asia. Amongst the members, M. macrocarpum and M. submacrocarpum have wide distribution ranges in temperate and tropical mountain regions. It is often difficult to distinguish the two species by their morphologies except for branching pattern of aerial shoots; the former with sparse branching 3) and the latter with dense, bi-pinnate branching pattern. It is the reason why some researchers have regarded them as a same species. I had a chance to observe the two species in an evergreen forest at Doi Inthanon (northern Thailand), where they grow side by side but at totally different habitats: M. macrocarpum forms turfs half-berried in sandy soil with underground shoot systems on rocky floors and boulders at streambeds and becomes submerged when it rains, whereas M. submacrocarpum is always found growing on the base of tree trunks and rotten logs at forest floors. Macrothamnium macrocarpum is found occupying similar habitats at one locality in Yakushima Island (southern Japan) and two localities in Mt. Kinabalu (Sabah, Malaysia). As a result, M. macrocarpum is revealed to be one of the representatives of rheophytic bryophytes and M. submacrocarpum, morphologically closely related to M. macrocarpum, is a land species.

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