非行少年の失敗傾向と破壊性行動障害のマーチとの関連についての検討

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  • Tendency for failure in delinquents and the march of Disruptive Behavior Disorder
  • ヒコウ ショウネン ノ シッパイ ケイコウ ト ハカイセイ コウドウ ショウガイ ノ マーチ トノ カンレン ニ ツイテ ノ ケントウ

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<p>Careless and hyperactive children tend to become rebellious and defiant against parents and society as a result of being disciplined by them due to a lack of understanding regarding these children. This results in hyperactive children ending up as delinquents. This process is referred to as the march of Disruptive Behavior Disorder (DBD). In longitudinal development studies, impulsiveness, such as rashness, hyperactivity, and lack of concentration are considered to be risk factors for delinquency. On the other hand, in the investigation of human error, individual differences in the tendency for failure is attracting attention and qualitative differences in failure are being discussed. Are there any qualitative or quantitative characteristics in the tendency for failure in delinquents? Is the tendency for failure a risk factor in delinquency? The relationship between tendency for failure and the march of Disruptive Behavior Disorder was examined from this perspective. Participants were 1,842 delinquents in juvenile classification offices all over Japan (1,592 boys and 250 girls). A questionnaire was conducted with reference to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Results indicated the following. (1) Tendency for failure of delinquents in juvenile classification offices showed a 3 factor structure: problems in executive functions, action slip, and cognitive narrowing. (2) Path analysis supported causality proposed by the DBD March hypothesis. (3) AD/HD tendency was not directly connected to a tendency for a Conduct Disorder. It was a prodrome of Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and an indirect basis of Conduct Disorder. (4) It is clear that the executive function problems are an important risk factor that directly promotes Conduct Disorder tendency. Based on the above results, it is suggested that the early identification of problems in executive functions and undertaking preventive intervention are essential for stopping the march of Conduct Disorders.</p>

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