Embryonic and Larval Development of the Trochid Gastropod Umbonium moniliferum Reared in the Laboratory

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  • 室内飼育に基づくニシキウズガイ科腹足類イボキサゴの胚・幼生発生の記載

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Abstract

The embryonic and larval development of the trochid gastropod Umbonium moniliferum (Lamarck, 1822) is described, based on material reared in filtered seawater at 22.6-25.1℃ in the laboratory. Fertilized eggs were obtained via artificially induced spawning of adults collected from an intertidal sand flat in southern Japan in October 2002. Each egg was 170μm in diameter, surrounded by a vitelline membrane and a gelatinous coating. The trochophore larvae hatched at 6h after fertilization, and became veliger larvae at 8h, with the completion of the velum. At 48h, the larvae began to crawl on the substratum and swim in the water column alternately. Metamorphosed larvae (= juveniles) of 200-μm shell width appeared at 200h, with the velum lost. This was induced by the provision of sediment inhabited by adults and seawater agitation. The reported time for larvae of the other two congeneric species to reach the metamorphosis is shorter [48h in U. vestiarium (Linnaeus, 1758) at 28-30℃; 3d in U. giganteum (Lesson, 1833) at 20℃]. The longer time required in the present case could reflect delayed metamorphosis due to lack of more appropriate stimuli.

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