Features and Issues of the Support for School Improvement by School District Central Office in U.S.

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  • 米国学区教育委員会による学校改善支援の今日的特質と課題
  • 米国学区教育委員会による学校改善支援の今日的特質と課題 : オークランド統合学区における「学校ポートフォリオマネジメント」の導入
  • ベイコク ガック キョウイク イインカイ ニ ヨル ガッコウ カイゼン シエン ノ コンニチテキ トクシツ ト カダイ : オークランド トウゴウ ガック ニ オケル 「 ガッコウ ポートフォリオマネジメント 」 ノ ドウニュウ
  • オークランド統合学区における「学校ポートフォリオマネジメント」の導入
  • “School Portfolio Management” in Oakland Unified School District

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<p>Recently, Oakland Unified School District (OUSD) has developed a new method of support for school improvement, based on a new idea called “School Portfolio Management (SPM)”. SPM refers to the district’s process of constantly evaluating and managing its dynamic portfolio of schools in light of academic quality, changes in educational needs, and student enrollment trends. In this process, OUSD differentiates support and flexibility to each school, and it also plans and implements the strategic support and placement of schools in order to establish diverse and high-quality schools that can meet educational needs, both in the neighborhood and district-wide. OUSD also emphasizes the engagement of the community with educators in the discussion of planning for school improvement.This paper shows that OUSD has developed a school support system with new features: 1) the support through SPM is not a school-by-school approach but a system-wide approach. Especially in OUSD, this approach can respond to the concern of limited resources. It can also meet whole educational needs of a neighborhood beyond too individualized needs of each school. From these perspectives, OUSD determines the degree and contents of support for each school. But it is feared that such support may encroach on school autonomy. 2) Through the community engagement process of SPM, teachers can be responsible for their community, and community members can learn better education. OUSD intends to cultivate their relationship. Therefore we should realize that the OUSD’s support for schools has the significance of redefining the idea of school autonomy in consideration for the future of children and their community, and of leading schools to this new autonomy.</p>

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