仙台における建物疎開跡地処理と戦災復興

<p> The purpose of this paper is to clarify the state of the disposition of building evacuation sites in Sendai and its process and background while paying attention to business environments surrounding the disposition of building evacuation sites such as the central government’s policy for the disposition and the progress of the war-damage reconstruction urban planning in Sendai.</p><p> Home Ministry, which had been responsible for building evacuation during the wartime period, has consistently promoted diversion of evacuation sites to urban planning immediately after the end of WWII. Ministry of Transport and War-Damage Reconstruction Institute also planned to divert evacuation sites to urban planning sites and railway land. It is thought that the street plan of Rembokoji-Minamisomeshimachi west and east Line in Sendai was strongly influenced by such a policy of Ministry of Transport and War-Damage Reconstruction Institute.</p><p> The disposition of building evacuation sites in Sendai was schemed from two aspects of urban planning and agricultural policy, from the war-damage reconstruction plan immediately after Sendai air raid. Among them, the diversion of evacuation sites to streets in the context of urban planning was followed by the plan after the war, and it was succeeded from the initial plan by Miyagi prefecture to the final plan of Sendai city. In the process of formulating the war-damage reconstruction plan, other diversion was also planned. Rembokoji-Minamisomeshimachi west and east Line was planned as part of the war-damage reconstruction urban planning project in the building evacuation site along the railway tracks of Tohoku Line. Nagamachi-Hachihommatsu Line was also planned as “Sokaiatochishori-Renrakugairo-zigyo” project. However, only the latter was completed. There are three reasons why all the streets were not completed. First of all, the number of evacuated houses was different, and accordingly there was a difference in construction costs. Second of all, regional characteristics were different. Many old houses stood near the railway, but Nagamachi-Hachihommatsu was a new industrial area with factories and leased houses. Third of all, the environment and characteristics of the disposition of building evacuation sites differed. Rembokoji-Minamisomeshimachi west and east Line was one of the war-damage reconstruction urban planning project affected by the progress of business in the center of Sendai city, but Nagamachi-Hachihommatsu Line was a single project and was not affected by surrounding conditions.</p><p> Considering the relationship between war-damage reconstruction and prewar urban planning and building evacuation, three streets coincided with preceding plans, and the prewar urban planning streets were succeeded to war-damage reconstruction through building evacuation. As described above, you can see the continuity of urban planning through building evacuation.</p>