Analysis of Adverse Reactions Caused by Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions and Related Medical Costs That Are Avoidable Using the Beers Criteria: The Japanese Version and Guidelines for Medical Treatment and Its Safety in the Elderly 2015

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  • Tachi Tomoya
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital
  • Kanematsu Yuta
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
  • Aoyama Satoshi
    Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital
  • Katsuno Hayato
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
  • Otsubo Manami
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
  • Ueno Anri
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
  • Sugita Ikuto
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
  • Yoshida Aki
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
  • Noguchi Yoshihiro
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
  • Yasuda Masahiro
    Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital
  • Mizui Takashi
    Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital
  • Goto Chitoshi
    Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital
  • Teramachi Hitomi
    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University Laboratory of Community Health Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University

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<p>We conducted a retrospective study to investigate adverse drug reactions and associated medical costs among elderly individuals that could be avoided if pharmacotherapy was performed in accordance with the Beers Criteria: the Japanese Version (BCJV) and Guidelines for Medical Treatment and Its Safety in the Elderly 2015 (GL2015). Patients aged at least 65 years who were either hospitalized at Gifu Municipal Hospital between October 1 and November 30, 2014 (n = 1236) or had outpatient examinations at Gifu Municipal Hospital on October 1–2, 2014 (n = 980) were included in the study. The outcomes measured were usage rates of drugs listed in the BCJV and GL2015, incidence rates of adverse drug reactions, and additional costs incurred per patient due to adverse reactions. Among the inpatients, usage rates of drugs listed in the BCJV and GL2015 were 24.0 and 72.4%, respectively, and adverse reactions to these drugs occurred at rates of 3.0 and 8.2%, respectively. Among the outpatients, while the usage rates were 26.2% (BCJV) and 59.9% (GL2015), the incidence rates of adverse reactions were 4.7% (BCJV) and 3.9% (GL2015). The additional costs incurred due to adverse drug reactions ranged from 12713–163925 yen per patient. Our results demonstrate that appropriate use of drugs based on the BCJV and GL2015 can help prevent adverse reactions; this would reduce the overall medical costs.</p>

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