低塩分濃度水攻法 : 原油―塩水―鉱物相互作用の視点から

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  • Understanding of Low salinity water injection from the view point of crude oil-brine-mineral interaction
  • テイエンブン ノウドスイコウホウ : ゲンユ-シオミズ-コウブツ ソウゴ サヨウ ノ シテン カラ

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<p>Injection of low salinity water yields incremental oil recovery (5-20%) with lower operation cost and less environmental load in comparison with other enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technologies. However, mechanisms how the decrease in salinity of injection water improves oil recovery are controversial because someone gets promising results, but another does not with their specific experimental setting (e.g., different rock and different crude oil). Recently, wettability alteration is supposed to play a key role for improving oil recovery by low salinity water. It is the process that salinity change affects wettability initially evolved in reservoirs by interaction among crude oil-brine (formation water)-minerals. Here in this review, core experiments for low salinity water injection are summarized to specify requirements that low salinity water has promising effects to improve oil recovery. Secondary, I analyze and summarize experiments and theoretical simulations that discuss interactions among crude oil, brine, and minerals depending on salinity (and pH). This aims at looking for a universal view for the interactions existing in reservoirs. Finally, it is demonstrated that the evolution of initial wettability in reservoirs can be divided into two processes; contact of crude oil to a mineral surface mediated by brine and adsorption of oil molecules on the mineral surface. These two processes are significantly related to the requirements of low salinity water injection. Besides, interactions significant in the two processes are specified; disjoining pressure (surface charges of crude oil and minerals) and molecular interactions (e.g., cation bridging, acid-base interactions), respectively. From the view point of crude oil-brine-mineral interaction, it is crucial to investigate oil-molecule-specific / ion-specific / mineral-specific surface charge and molecular interactions for elucidating mechanisms of enhanced oil recovery by low salinity water injection.</p>

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