False memories in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm: Selective review of the production mechanism and phenomenology

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  • Deese-Roediger-McDermott（DRM）手続きを用いた虚偽記憶研究
  • Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM)手続きを用いた虚偽記憶研究－虚偽記憶の発生過程と主観的想起経験－
  • Deese Roediger McDermott DRM テツズキ オ モチイタ キョギ キオク ケンキュウ キョギ キオク ノ ハッセイ カテイ ト シュカンテキ ソウキ ケイケン
  • ――虚偽記憶の発生過程と主観的想起経験――

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False memories refer to memories of events that did not occur. The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm represents a conventional experimental methodology for examining false memories; this paradigm involves the presentation of associated words (bed, rest, etc.), which induce a false recall and/or false recognition of a non-presented word (critical lure; sleep). Many studies using the DRM paradigm have demonstrated that (a) participants exhibit false memories robustly and (b) they experience these memories in a vivid and detailed manner. First, this article theoretically reviews the mechanisms that robustly produce false memories. Subsequently, accounts on subjective experience of false memories are discussed. Based on the review, this paper finds discrepancies among the accounts with regard to whether the activation of critical lure causes false memories and their subjective experience; some studies show that the activation of critical lure mediates false memories, while others show that the activation does not result in false memories. The review concludes that none of the existing accounts sufficiently resolve this discrepancy, suggesting that this issue needs to be investigated by future studies.

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