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  • コモンズ型の社会福祉論を
  • コモンズ型の社会福祉論を : イデオロギー対立を超えて
  • コモンズガタ ノ シャカイ フクシロン オ : イデオロギー タイリツ オ コエテ
  • Beyond an Ideological Opposition
  • イデオロギー対立を超えて

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<p>　Theories on social welfare are differentiated along an ideological line. On one</p><p>side, there is the so-called neo-liberalism. According to this ideology, which is</p><p>based on the market fundamentalism, the governmental spending on social welfare</p><p>should be as minimal as possible. On the oppositional extreme side, there</p><p>is a set of theories that, while emphasizing the social importance of welfare values,</p><p>deny the necessity of considering the feasibility conditions. The theories of</p><p>this type may be characterized by the term “welfare absolutism.” The reason for</p><p>the negligence of feasibility conditions seems that to give any consideration on</p><p>restrictions imposed by resource limitation is, for those who stand on this side,</p><p>a serious deviation from “the ideal of welfare society.” This is a kind of welfare</p><p>fundamentalism. Of course actual arguments which would emphasize the ideal</p><p>of welfare society are not so simple. But among them there is a tendency that</p><p>any workfare-like policies are tend to be criticized as “coercion of self-support,”</p><p>or that the ideal called “post-productivism” is commended. Those theories</p><p>which would deliberately neglect the resource condition may be called “manna-</p><p>type welfare theory.” Both the neo-liberalism and the welfare absolutism are</p><p>ideological and not appropriate for a theory of social welfare. There are two axes</p><p>which differentiate these ideologies. The one is whether or not a theory attaches</p><p>the importance to the communal value of civil society, which resides in</p><p>the core of the ideal of welfare society. Another axis is whether or not a theory</p><p>takes a consideration on the resource conditions and the institutional arrangements.</p><p>Those theories which would attach the importance to the communal value</p><p>of civil society and, at the same time, take a serious consideration on the reabstract</p><p>source conditions may be called “commons-type welfare theory,” and this is the</p><p>one expected for theories of social welfare.</p>

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