Evaluation of the immune status of peripheral blood monocytes from dairy cows during the periparturition period

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  • BAI Hanako
    Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
  • SHABUR Talukder Md Abdus
    Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
  • KUNII Hiroki
    Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
  • ITOH Tsukino
    Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
  • KAWAHARA Manabu
    Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
  • TAKAHASHI Masashi
    Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan

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<p> Calving is a critical but stressful event required for milk production in dairy cows. In the present study, we investigated the immune status of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from periparturient cows to better understand and, thus, possibly prevent stress during the periparturient period. To evaluate the immune response of PBMCs, we assessed their proliferation with or without a mitogen (concanavalin A, ConA). Blood samples were collected 24 h before and after calving and 1 week after calving. The proliferation of non-treated cells remained unchanged throughout the examination period. The immune response of PBMCs isolated from the cows before calving was relatively low, even after ConA stimulation; however, the immune response of PBMCs collected at both time points after calving was significantly higher than those of non-stimulated controls. Next, we examined the expression patterns of T cell related and inflammatory cytokine genes in PBMCs. We found that the mRNA expression levels of both CD4 and CD8 showed decreasing trends after calving. The expression of the Th1 cell marker gene IFNG also decreased after calving. The mRNA expression level of the inflammatory cytokine gene TNFA increased after parturition. Overall, our results suggest that the PBMC immune response was weakened in cows before delivery and part of the expression of the immune cell-related genes in these cells is altered 24 h before and after calving.</p>

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