Correlation between eosinophil count, its genetic background and body mass index: The Nagahama Study

  • Sunadome Hironobu
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Matsumoto Hisako
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Izuhara Yumi
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Nagasaki Tadao
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Kanemitsu Yoshihiro
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya City University School of Medical Sciences
  • Ishiyama Yumi
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Morimoto Chie
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Oguma Tsuyoshi
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Ito Isao
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Murase Kimihiko
    Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine
  • Muro Shigeo
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nara Medical University
  • Kawaguchi Takahisa
    Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Tabara Yasuharu
    Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Chin Kazuo
    Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine
  • Matsuda Fumihiko
    Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Hirai Toyohiro
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine

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<p>Background: Obesity affects the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, including asthma. Research on correlations between obesity/BMI and eosinophilic inflammation in asthma has yielded contradictory results, which could be partly ascribed to the absence of epidemiological data on the correlations. We aimed to elucidate the correlations between blood eosinophil count, its genetic backgrounds, and BMI in the general population.</p><p>Methods: This community-based Nagahama study in Japan enrolled 9789 inhabitants. We conducted self-reporting questionnaires, lung function tests, and blood tests in the baseline and 5-year follow-up studies. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed in 4650 subjects at the baseline and in 4206 of these at the follow-up to determine single-nucleotide polymorphisms for elevated blood eosinophil counts. We assessed the correlations between BMI and eosinophil counts using a multifaceted approach, including the cluster analysis.</p><p>Results: Eosinophil counts positively correlated with BMI, observed upon the interchange of an explanatory variable, except for subjects with the highest quartile of eosinophils (≥200/μL), in whom BMI negatively correlated with eosinophil counts. GWAS and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) imputation identified rs4713354 variant (MDC1 on chromosome 6p21) for elevated eosinophil counts, independent of BMI and IgE. Rs4713354 was accumulated in a cluster characterized by elevated eosinophil counts (mean, 498 ± 178/μL) but normal BMI.</p><p>Conclusions: Epidemiologically, there may be a positive association between blood eosinophil counts and BMI in general, but there was a negative correlation in the population with high eosinophil counts. Factors other than BMI, particularly genetic backgrounds, may contribute to elevated eosinophil counts in such populations.</p>

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