Investigation of a method using visual event-related potentials for evaluation of visuo-spatial attention allocation during standing

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  • Tomita Hidehito
    Department of Human Movement and Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University
  • Fujiwara Katsuo
    Department of Human Movement and Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University
  • Yaguchi Chie
    Department of Human Movement and Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University
  • Naka Masami
    Department of Human Movement and Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University

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<p>  Many previous studies of event-related potentials (ERPs) have found that sensory-evoked ERPs (P1 and N1 components) for visual stimuli were enlarged with visuo-spatial attention. These studies were performed with subjects sitting. However, it is possible that this enhancement will not be observed with standing, since maintenance of the standing posture requires attentional resources, which will therefore not be allocated sufficiently to visual stimuli. In addition, clear P1 and N1 components will not be obtained in ERPs for visual stimuli because of head movements associated with body sway. We therefore examined whether visuo-spatial attention is reflected in amplitudes of P1 and N1 components (P1 and N1 amplitudes) during standing. Ten healthy young adults participated in the study. All measurements were performed while subjects were standing. ERPs were recorded for peripheral visual stimuli preceded by a centrally presented directional cue. The cue indicated the location at which the visual stimulus was most likely to appear. Cue validity was set at 60% probability. Visual stimuli were randomly presented either to the left or right of a fixation point. ERPs were recorded under two reaction conditions. Subjects discriminated between the target and non-target stimuli: (1) they responded by flexing their fingers only to the target stimulus (Reaction condition, R-condition), or (2) no response to the target stimulus was required (No-reaction condition, NoR-condition). In both conditions, clear P1 and N1 components were obtained in ERPs for visual stimuli. Only in the R-condition were enhancements of P1 amplitude observed at occipital electrodes contralateral to the validly cued stimuli. These findings suggest that visuo-spatial attention is reflected in P1 amplitude during standing.</p>

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