De novo transcriptome analysis reveals an unperturbed transcriptome under high cadmium conditions in the Cd-hypertolerant fern Athyrium yokoscense

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  • Ukai Yuko
    Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Inoue Komaki
    RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
  • Kamada Manaka
    Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Teramura Hiroshi
    Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Yanagisawa Shunsuke
    Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Kitazaki Kazuyoshi
    Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
  • Shoji Kazuhiro
    Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
  • Goto Fumiyuki
    Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
  • Mochida Keiichi
    RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University RIKEN Baton Zone Program Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University
  • Yoshihara Toshihiro
    Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
  • Shimada Hiroaki
    Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science

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  • <i>De novo</i> transcriptome analysis reveals an unperturbed transcriptome under high cadmium conditions in the Cd-hypertolerant fern <i>Athyrium yokoscense</i>

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<p>Athyrium yokoscense shows strong tolerance to cadmium exposure, even at levels that are many times greater than the toxic levels in ordinary plants. To determine the mechanism of Cd tolerance in A. yokoscense, we grew these plants under high Cd conditions and observed the tissue-specific accumulation of Cd and generation of reactive oxygen species, which is one of the major physiological responses to Cd stress. Fuchsin staining indicated the existence of a casparian strip in A. yokoscense roots, which may participate in Cd hypertolerance in A. yokoscense. Moreover, we performed RNA-seq of RNA samples from A. yokoscense plants treated with or without Cd exposure and obtained comprehensive RNA sequences as well as the Cd-responsive expression patterns of individual genes. Through de novo transcriptome assembly and gene expression analysis, we found that A. yokoscense showed normal features with no significant change in the expression levels of any transporter genes, even under high Cd exposure conditions. Our results demonstrate that A. yokoscense has an unusual mechanism that allows the invading Cd to partition into the distal roots, thus avoiding translocation of Cd into the xylem.</p>

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