免疫細胞のα7ニコチン性アセチルコリン受容体によるT細胞分化への二重的調節─α7 nAChRは，抗原提示細胞とCD4<sup>+</sup> T細胞に異なる作用を示す─

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  • Dual Roles of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Expressed in Immune Cells in T Cell Differentiation —α7 nAChRs Exert Different Actions between Antigen-presenting Cells and CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells—
  • Review for award 免疫細胞のα7ニコチン性アセチルコリン受容体によるT細胞分化への二重的調節 : α7 nAChRは,抗原提示細胞とCD4⁺ T細胞に異なる作用を示す
  • Review for award メンエキ サイボウ ノ a7 ニコチンセイ アセチルコリン ジュヨウタイ ニ ヨル Tサイボウ ブンカ エ ノ ニジュウテキ チョウセツ : a7 nAChR ワ,コウゲン テイジ サイボウ ト CD4 ⁺ Tサイボウ ニ コトナル サヨウ オ シメス

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<p>Immune cells such as T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells express various cholinergic system components, including muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs and nAChRs, respectively) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), depending on the status of the immune system. The cholinergic system which these components comprise has important effects on the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. α7 nAChR is a neuronal-type nAChR composed of a homopentamer of the α7 subunit and is characterized by high permeability to Ca2+. It is also expressed in immune cells. For example, α7 nAChRs expressed in B cells suppress IgG production by suppressing B cell maturation into plasma cells. In addition, α7 nAChRs expressed in macrophages suppress production and release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in a mouse lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis model, thereby protecting the mice from lethal shock. In this review, we summarize the functions of α7 nAChRs expressed in CD4+ helper T (Th) cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells and macrophages. We focus in particular on their role in Th cell differentiation. α7 nAChRs on APCs interfere with antigen presentation, which leads to suppression of Th cell differentiation. By contrast, α7 nAChRs on naïve Th cells enhance their differentiation. These distinct roles of α7 nAChRs expressed in APCs and Th cells could be useful for development of drugs and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of immune- and inflammation-related diseases and cancers.</p>

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  • 薬学雑誌

    薬学雑誌 140 (12), 1421-1425, 2020-12-01

    公益社団法人 日本薬学会

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