岐阜駅前繊維問屋街における街区建設の経緯に関する研究

<p> This study targets the textile wholesale districts in front of JR Gifu railway station, and it aims to clarify the forming process and the transformation of the districts from the post-war period to the adaptation of the disaster prevention zone and its aftermath.</p><p> The textile wholesale districts were established in the post-war period. The land lot of the district was developed in the late 1800s. Factories and lumber dealers were located there, but they were all burnt down by the air raid bomb in 1945. Afterwards the textile dealers came to settle to form the wholesale districts.</p><p> The first textile district there was the Marufuji textile district, which was constructed in 1950. This site was located northeast of Gifu railway station in nagaya or wooden row house style, with a number of buildings standing parallel to each other in the east-west direction and roofed pathways running in-between. Subsequently the Chuo-dori street and the Ichijo-dori street were constructed from 1951 at the former factory site northwest of Gifu station. Either in nagaya style, shop space was on the ground floor and residence on the upper floor. As part of the construction of the Chuo-dori street, the Genkin-tonya-gai or cash-basis wholesale street was equipped in the collective-shop style, along with common facilities such as toilets or kitchen.</p><p> The textile wholesale districts in front of Gifu railway station were formed in the course of the post-war rehabilitation period at the midst of densely packed wooden structures. Afterwards in 1950s, the nation-wide spread of the city fireproof movements affected the Gifu wholesale district, which was then expected to be redeveloped.</p><p> With the support of the government, Association for the Promotion of Fireproof Building in Gifu Tonya-machi was formed in 1959, and the Ichijo-dori street was redeveloped into a fireproof building in 1961. Consequently in 1967, the Chuo-dori street and the Genkin-tonya-gai were also redeveloped into fireproof style, which was conducted as a project under the Disaster Prevention Building Block Development Act. All of the buildings there were integrally reconstructed in a single building form, while the premises of the shops were inherited and incorporated into the new building.</p><p> On the other hand, the Palais Washington Building, which had nine stories above ground and two stories underground, was constructed in 1973 as part of a Disaster Prevention Building Block Development project in the area where the Marufuji textile district was located. While the first and the second floors of the building were allocated to textile wholesale area, including the shops from the Marufuji textile district, the upper floors accommodated tenement businesses of hotels or restaurants, which was almost equivalent to the present business form of commercial buildings.</p><p> In the post-war period, independent efforts of influential persons founded nagaya style wooden market in the Gifu station-front area. Autonomous cooperation of shop owners formed the textile wholesale district in the next phase. On the other hand, wooden shops districts in front of Gifu railway station were altered into fireproof buildings in the course of the nationwide fireproof movement. Regarding the cases in the timeline of twenty years, this paper detects the transitions of the business forms or purposes in the cooperation of the districts.</p>