噴火常襲地における災害文化の形成と継承

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Creation and Inheritance of the Disaster Culture in an Eruption-prone Area:
  • 噴火常襲地における災害文化の形成と継承--有珠山周辺地域の壮瞥町を事例として
  • フンカ ジョウシュウチ ニ オケル サイガイ ブンカ ノ ケイセイ ト ケイショウ--ウスザン シュウヘン チイキ ノ ソウベツマチ オ ジレイ ト シテ
  • A Case Study of Sobetsu Town, around Usu Volcano
  • ──有珠山周辺地域の壮瞥町を事例として──

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抄録

<p>　Since the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, many sociologists work on disaster study in Japan. But, there is still a lack of studies on the long-term consequences of long-term disasters.</p><p>　This paper focuses on the disaster culture in an eruption-prone area, and especially on the long-term consequences of long-term disasters. I researched the long-term effects and efforts that followed the 1977 and 2000 eruptions of Usu Volcano which erupted a total of four times in the 20th century, on the basis of fieldwork and data analysis through the case study of the area around Sobetsu Town. Special focus lies on the analysis and the discussion of the nature of the disaster culture towards the meaning of disaster experience, the conditions of its creation and inheritance.</p><p>　Furthermore, I expanded the focus of the study to the possible creation and inheritance of a general and universal “disaster subculture" in the analyzed communities. This research reveals the following findings: (1) Sobetsu Town people tend to compare the latest eruption with past eruptions and tend to interpret the meanings of the eruption. (2) The core of the disaster culture of this area is the “Coexistence with Active Volcanoes" which has penetrated into the community through the educational programs about Usu Volcano after the 1977 eruption. This view means that people usually enjoy the blessings of Usu Volcano, and escape to safety during the eruptions. (3) The disaster culture in this area includes disaster-prevention facilities, town planning, the knowledge of the current activity of the volcano, and handing down the experience and the knowledge of past eruptions. (4) For creating and inheriting the disaster culture, it is necessary that repeated disasters occur in the area, which lead to continuing educational programs of disasters, in which diverse human resources educate about Usu volcano.</p><p>　In this research, the disaster culture is discussed as the local culture in a disaster-prone area. But, the view of living together with nature that have the disaster potential as Usu Volcano can change from local culture to the universal culture, and thus penetrating into the whole society.</p>

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