Enzyme-assisted Solvent Extraction of High-yield <i>Paeonia suffruticosa</i> Andr. Seed Oil and Fatty Acid Composition and Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Activity

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  • Wei Gang
    Department of School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University
  • Zhang Zidong
    Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
  • Fu Dongmei
    College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
  • Zhang Yuanyuan
    College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
  • Zhang Weipeng
    College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
  • Zu Yuangang
    College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
  • Zhang Lin
    College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
  • Zhang Zhi
    Department of School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University

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  • Enzyme-assisted Solvent Extraction of High-yield Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. Seed Oil and Fatty Acid Composition and Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Activity

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<p>Enzyme-assisted solvent extraction (EASE) of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. seed oil (PSO) was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The fatty acid composition and anti-Alzheimer’s disease (AD) activity of PSO were analyzed. An enzyme mixture composed of cellulase and hemicellulase (1:1, w/w) was most effective in determining the extraction yield of PSO. The ideal extraction conditions were a pH value of 5.1, an enzymolysis time of 68 min, and a temperature of 50℃. The average extraction yield of PSO was 38.2 mL/100 g, 37.4% higher than that of untreated peony seed (27.8 mL/100 g). The fatty acid composition of PSO under optimal conditions for EASE was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The predominant unsaturated fatty acids of PSO were determined to be more than 90.00%, including n-3 α-linolenic acid (43.33%), n-6 linoleic acid (23.40%) and oleic acid (23.59%). In this experiment, the anti-AD effect of PSO was also analyzed by performing learning and memory ability tests with Drosophila. PSO retarded the decrease in climbing ability in AD Drosophila. The 1% and 5% PSO groups were significantly different from the model group (b p < 0.05). The smell short-term memory ability test revealed the number of Drosophila in barrier and barrier-free centrifuge tubes in each group. PSO feeding improved learning and memory in AD Drosophila, with the highest number entering the barrierfree centrifuge tube. The performance index (PI) measured by the Pavlov olfactory avoidance conditioning test also demonstrated the effect of PSO on the learning and memory abilities of Drosophila. The PI of the PSO group was significantly increased compared to that of the model group. HE-stained brain tissue sections of AD Drosophila showed higher neurodegenerative changes, while PSO significantly reduced neurodegenerative damage. These results indicated that PSO can significantly improve the cognitive function of AD Drosophila and may help to prevent AD.</p>

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