Relationship between the Frequency of Detection of Drug-Resistant <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> and Factors Related to Group Child Care and Age Range in Pediatric Patients with Acute Rhinosinusitis

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  • 小児急性鼻副鼻腔炎における薬剤耐性肺炎球菌の検出頻度と集団保育, 年齢層との関係
  • 小児急性鼻副鼻腔炎における薬剤耐性肺炎球菌の検出頻度と集団保育,年齢層との関係 : 肺炎球菌結合型ワクチン導入前後の比較
  • ショウニ キュウセイ ビ フクビクウエン ニ オケル ヤクザイ タイセイ ハイエン キュウキン ノ ケンシュツ ヒンド ト シュウダン ホイク,ネンレイソウ ト ノ カンケイ : ハイエン キュウキン ケツゴウガタ ワクチン ドウニュウ ゼンゴ ノ ヒカク
  • ―Comparison between before and after Introduction of the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine－
  • ―肺炎球菌結合型ワクチン導入前後の比較―

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Abstract

<p>　The following background factors have been identified as being associated with an increased frequency of detection of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP) in pediatric patients with upper and lower respiratory tract infections: attending group care and/or having a sibling attending group care (group care factor) and age below 2 years (age factor). Following the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), there have been changes in the association of these two factors with the identification of DRSP. In other words, studies have reported that following the introduction of PCV, the frequency of detection of DRSP has decreased in pediatric patients, and that attending group care and age below 2 years were no longer associated with an increased frequency of detection of DRSP. However, there has been limited research of this issue in the field of otorhinolaryngology. Therefore, this study was conducted to retrospectively examine the changes in the frequency of detection of DRSP in relation to background factors in pediatric patients with acute rhinosinusitis after the introduction of PCV. This study included pediatric patients with acute rhinosinusitis in whom S. pneumoniae was isolated. The study population comprised of 547 patients recruited from 2005 to 2009 (period I, before the introduction of PCV) and 495 patients recruited from 2016 to 2020 (period II, 3 years following the introduction of PCV13). Our results showed that the frequency detection of DRSP was significantly lower in period II than in period I, and that attending group care and age below 2 years were no longer factors associated with an increased frequency of detection of DRSP in period II. Furthermore, these results suggest the effectiveness of PCV in reducing the frequency of detection of DRSP.</p>

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