14C年代から暦年代への較正に関連する諸問題

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  • Problems related with calibration of 14C age to calender date

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In establishing the accurate chronology of any archeological events in Holocene, in particular, Yayoi, Kofun and younger periods in Japan by 14C dating, a proper calibration method of 14C age to calendar date is required. The calibration data, IntCal04/Intcal09, that are normally applied to 14C ages of terrestrial plant materials produced in the northern hemisphere, were tested for their consistency with the relevant relations between 14C age and dendro-age for tree-ring samples formed in the Japanese Archipelago. Some parts of dendro-dated tree-rings, formed from the 10th century BC to the AD 18th century, have been analyzed for 14C ages, and the resulting relations were almost consistent with those of IntCal04/IntCal09, except for a clear discrepancy at around AD50 to AD250; 14C ages for the tree ring samples formed in Japan were older than those of IntCal04/IntCal09 by about 50-80 14C years. In addition, more frequent periods in which such discrepancies had occurred were observed in the last two millennia for Yaku-sugi trees, grown in the southern part of Japan. The present status in the studies of the 14C-age-calibration issues for Japanese samples is discussed.

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