簡易設置型パッドアンドファン冷房が塩ストレス下のトマトの光合成速度, 果実収量および品質に及ぼす影響

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  • Effect of a Simply Installed Pad and Fan Cooling System on Photosynthesis, Fruit Yield and Quality of Tomato under Salinity Stress
  • カンイ セッチガタ パッド アンド ファン レイボウ ガ シオ ストレス カ ノ トマト ノ コウゴウセイ ソクド,カジツ シュウリョウ オヨビ ヒンシツ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

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The effects of a simply installed pad and fan (PF) cooling system on photosynthesis, fruit yield, and tomato quality under salinity stress at a high temperature were investigated. Tomatoes in the PF system were cultivated in a nutrient solution in which the electrical conductivity was set at 10 dSm^-1 or 25 dSm^-1 NaCl. Air temperature and vapor pressure deficits in the PF system were lower than those in the control (without PF). The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of the tomato leaves cultivated in the PF system were higher than those of tomato leaves cultivated in the control. Fruit weight, total fruit weight per plant, and fruit acidity were not significantly different between the control and PF system under salinity stress. Total soluble solids and dry matter percentage of tomatoes cultivated in the PF system were higher than those of tomatoes cultivated in the control. The percentage of the occurrence of blossom-end rot of tomatoes was 12% in the control and 0% in the PF system. We concluded that cooled, humidified air from the PF system, which restrained stomatal closure under salinity stress, alleviated the reduction of photosynthesis caused by that stress. We inferred that saccharide synthesis by photosynthesis was maintained under cooled, humidified air from the PF system, leading to increased total soluble solids in tomatoes cultivated under salinity stress. Furthermore, we inferred that the retention of transpiration stream caused by stomatal closure inhibition under the PF system facilitated the persistent movement of calcium ions to the tip of tomatoes. Therefore, we concluded that the PF system prevents the occurrence of blossom-end rot of tomatoes under salinity stress.

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