Origins of Phosphorus and Nitrogen in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

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Origins of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) were investigated in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan, using the unit response function method. About 58 % of TP and TN in the Seto Inland Sea were found to have originated from the open ocean, 9 % of TP and 14 % of TN originate from rivers, 33 % of TP and 29 % of TN originate from bottom sediments. We consequently suggest that it would be very difficult to prevent the occurrence of red tides and oxygen deficient water masses in the Seto Inland Sea by managing land-derived TP and TN, because their proportions (9 % and 14 %, respectively) are very small. It may be possible to prevent the occurrence of red tides and oxygen deficient water masses by reducing the bottom release of TP (proportion of 33 %) and TN (29%), by applying the civil engineering method such as the placement of sand cover over the present bottom sediment because it is impossible to manage the open ocean originated TP and TN.

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