偶発記憶における内的連想反応による分散効果

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タイトル別名
  • Spacing effects by Implicit Associative Response in Incidental Memory
  • グウハツ キオク ニ オケル ナイテキ レンソウ ハンノウ ニ ヨル ブンサン コウカ

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説明

Targets elicited an implicit associative response (IAR). For example, a target (e.g. dog) elicited an implicit associative response (e.g., cat) was presented and its target corresponded to IAR (e.g., cat) was presented in the orienting list. In case mentioned above, "cat" occurred as an IAR and then "cat" was presented as a target, therefore "cat" was presented twice (as IAR and as a target). If IAR occurred the spacing effect (the superiority of the spaced presentation to the massed presentation in recall performance), it is predicted that the interval between the first presentation of IAR and the second presentation of a target would lead to better recall of targets than no interval between the two. The purpose of the present study was to examine the above prediction. In Experiment I, participants were presented with associated words on two occasions (e.g., dog, cat), and were asked each time to rate the degree of congruity between a target and the corresponding category label (e.g., animal) by 6-point rating scale in orienting lists of booklets, followed by incidental free recall tests. The results was consistent with the prediction, indicated the spacing effects occurred in the above case. However, it is possible that the category label mediated the spacing effect of the above case, because each category label was presented twice. In Experiment II, participants were presented with the words on two occasions, and were asked each time to do free association from each target presented by power-point slides, followed by incidental free recall tests. The result indicated that the spaced presentation led to better recall than the massed presentation, and the replicated the spacing effects in the case mentioned above. The present study newly indicated the spacing effect occurs in case that the first presentation as IAR of a target and the second presentation as a target itself.

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