Problems of Very Low Fertility in Japan

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  • わが国の少子化における諸問題
  • ワガクニノショウシカニオケルショモンダイ

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Fertility in Japan declined since the middle of the1980s, having reached 1.34 of total fertility rate in 1999. Such fertility decline occurred directly as the result of the rise in the proportion of single and the rise in the age at marriage and age at childbearing. In the field of maternal health, we extracted 18 reports concerning low fertility from Japanese literatures of the past 3 years to clarify the cause of low birth rate and efforts to improve the birth rate. The decline of fertility may depend on both decrease of marriage and increase of divorce, and culturally value change from social conformism to pragmatism. There are several efforts such as telephone service for mother caring young children to help caring them, joining a child caring club and counseling for caring children. Making the system for elderly pregnant women delivering safely and promoting the development of artificial reproductive technology for infertility women have been done. It is important to make efforts to reach the level of 2.5 children on average for the ideal number.

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