On the Significance of Livestock-Improvement for the Development of Mixed Husbandry

Sato Toshio

doi:10.15017/22185

This paper aims to make a clear knowledge about the factors improving Jersey breed bred in Jersey Island (it belongs to Channel Islands) as a case of livestock improvement, and consider the significance of superior breeds of livestock for the development of mixed husbandry for High Farming period. The results of this study are as follows: 1) As the mainstay of Jersey agriculture, Jersey breed was bred under the cropping-system having high ratio of fodder crops, enough feeds due to elaborate cultivation of fodder crops, and careful management in feeding cattle by family-labourers. 2) Jersey breed was improved by the following factors: (a) the maintenance of pure blood by means of legal prohibition of importing other breeds of cattle, (b) to give a clearer direction for improvement by making the scale points, (c) the thethering method, (d) the excution of Jersey herd-book, and (e) inbreeding of pure-blooded cattle. When these factors are compared with Bakewell’s method for livestock-improvement, it is presumed that Jersey breed was basically improved after the same method as Bakewell’s. 3) The feeding of these superior breeds of cattle such as Shorthorn, Devon, Jersey and Ayrshire contributed to the development of livestock-enterprise together with the development of feeding method of cattle, and also did to the development of arable-enterprise through the returns of a large quantity of good dung to arable lands; and the feeding of the superior breeds of cattle contributed to the development of mixed husbandry. Furthermore, by the feeding of superior breeds of cattle, many farmers could find a way out of the Great Depression in agriculture in the late 19th century.

On the Significance of Livestock-Improvement for the Development of Mixed Husbandry

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