<Articles>The Genealogy of the Scythian Bridles

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Other Title
  • <論説>スキタイ式轡の系譜
  • スキタイ式轡の系譜
  • スキタイシキ クツワ ノ ケイフ

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Abstract

The scythian bridles found from northern and eastern regions of the Black Sea are typologically divided into several groups: bits can be classified into five types (I, IIA, IIB, III, IV) and psalia into eight types (ia, ib, ii~vii) and bone. A part of III and the all of IV, vi and vii are made of iron and the rest are made of bronze. Typological differences among these groups can be understood as the result of the transitional change. The typological change of the bridle, the association of bit and psalia, can be set up as follows: I + ia→IIA+ia・ii→IIB+ib・ii →III+iii・vi→VI+vi・bone→IV+v・vii. According to the typological classification, the author intended to establish the chronology of the scythian bridle. Consequently types I, IIA and IIB belonged to the Pre-scythian Period (9th~7th century B. C.), type III to the Early Scythian Period (6th c. B. C.) and type IV to the Middle Scythian Period (5th~4th c. B. C.). Main objects of the Scythian culture, such as adzs, swards, arrow heads, pottery and animal style, have been known to have transitionally changed in accordance with each period. Therefore, the scythian bridles can be seen to have a co-relation with other objects. The fact that the set of the objects including bridles had been changing their style as the time went by shows not only how the Scythian culture originated and developed, but how far and how strongly its influence expanded to the east. In Tagar and Ordos culture, the set of the objects including scythian style bridles, types I and III, emerged simultaneously showing deep scythian influence.

Journal

  • 史林

    史林 55 (5), 645-672, 1972-09-01

    THE SHIGAKU KENKYUKAI (The Society of Historical Research), Kyoto University

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