敦煌莫高窟53窟仏龕周辺における土壁中の可溶性塩類について

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  • Quantitative Analysis of Soluble Salts in Rendering Layers around a Buddhist Niche of Cave 53, Mogao Grottos

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Extracted soluble salts from earthen rendering layers around the Buddhist niche in Cave 53 were determined by using an ion chromatography technique after a report of mass efflorescence occurrence on the west wall under the Buddhist niche during conservation intervention of August 2004. A comprehensive sampling was executed in order to determine the distribution of soluble salts in the walls. Four efflorescence samples from the west and east walls were also identified by XRD as being halite (NaCl) and gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O). The lower west wall, under the niche, showed remarkably high contents of nitrate and chloride, unlike other interior walls of the niche. The results indicated the possible sources of nitrate as follows: use of some salt-containing soil/clay as restoration materials brought from fertilised area in a past intervention, incoming from nitrate-containing rock fabric as the cave structure, and effects of irrigation water from a tree-planting area near Cave 53. Further detailed environmental investigation and comprehensive salt analysis from the surrounding area will be executed as a following step.

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