同業組合と百貨店の抗争

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  • ドウギョウ クミアイ ト ヒャッカテン ノ コウソウ

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Abstract

同業組合は、日本が明治維新後に産業化が進む中で、粗製濫造に対処するために制度化された組合であり、業種ごとに生産者と販売業者の全員加入を前提としたものであった。その後、広範な商品を取り扱う百貨店が誕生し、組合側は百貨店にその取扱商品ごとに結成されている同業組合への加盟を要求したが、百貨店側はそれを拒否した。これが日本における百貨店(大型店)と中小小売商との対立の始まりであった。本稿では、第1に同業組合組織が制度化される背景と、同業組合が果たした役割を簡単に振り返ると共に、第2にその同業組合と百貨店との対立と決着に至る過程を跡づけたい。そのことを通して、一度導入された制度は、環境が変化する中でも強力に自己主張することを確認したい。

Following the Meiji Restoration, trade associations were institutionalized in Japan as a response to the mass production of inferior goods caused by the high speed industrialization. They were set up with the premise that they would subscribe to all the producers and distributors of each industry. Thereafter, many department stores, which handled a wide range of products, came up, and the associations requested them to subscribe to every trade association formed for handling their products, however, the department stores rejected this proposal. This was the beginning of the battle between (large-scale)department stores and small- to mid-sized retail stores in Japan. This paper begins by taking a simple look back at the setting of the institutionalization of these trade associations and the role they fulfilled. In addition, this study aims to conduct a conclusive inquiry into how the battle between trade associations and department stores developed. Through this analysis, this paper aims to verify how this system, once implemented, remained powerful and assertive, even in a changing environment.

Journal

  • 経営研究

    経営研究 70 (2), 93-113, 2019-08-31

    大阪市立大学経営学会

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