合衆国の高等教育機関におけるユダヤ人差別 : ニューヨーク州「州立大学の必要性に関する臨時委員会」報告書、『高等教育における機会の不平等』を手がかりに

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タイトル別名
  • Discrimination against Jews at Colleges in the United States: A Study of New York Legislative Document, Inequality of Oppotunity in Higher Education
  • ガッシュウコク ノ コウトウ キョウイク キカン ニ オケル ユダヤジン サベツ ニューヨークシュウ シュウリツ ダイガク ノ ヒツヨウセイ ニ カンスル リンジ イインカイ ホウコクショ コウトウ キョウイク ニ オケル キカイ ノ フビョウドウ オ テガカリ ニ

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説明

This paper examines anti-Jewish admission policy, what you call "Quota System", practiced mainly at northeastern higher educational institutions from the 1920s to the late 1940s. How Jewish students were disadvantaged as compared with non-Jewish students in gaining admission is especially mentioned with reference to the case of New York State in the mid 1940s. Higher education at that time was very monotonous and quite a WASP society, and Jews as non-Christians, immigrants and working class members were not welcomed. The policy of selection by geography introduced at certain institutions was often unfavorable for Jewish applicants because of their population's peculiar concentration in New York City. Furthermore, the discrimination against Jews really existed, which is verified by the fact that, among New York City residents, there was a difference in the percentage of applications accepted between Jews and non-Jews. Note also that the burden of such discriminatory practices was not so heavy as newspapers and magazines of those days reported. After World War II, racial and religious discrimination at colleges gradually declined. The"Crack the Quota" drive by Anti-Defamation League, one of the leading Jewish Americans'organizations, greatly helped to improve the situation.

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