Chromosomal Location of 45S and 5S rDNA in the Strains of <i>Fagopyrum esculentum</i> Moench and <i>F. tataricum</i> (L.) Gaertn

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  • Wang Linjiao
    Institute of South China Karst, Guizhou Normal University Research Center of Buckwheat Industry Technology, Guizhou Normal University
  • Sheng Maoyin
    Institute of South China Karst, Guizhou Normal University The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province

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<p>The 45S and 5S rDNA loci were physically mapped by double-probe FISH on mitotic metaphase chromosomes in the six strains of F. esculentum and F. tataricum. Results showed that the chromosomes of F. esculentum and F. tataricum were very small and similar. F. esculentum and F. tataricum were diploid and the karyotype formulas of these two species were 2n=2x=16=12m+4m (SAT) and 2n=2x=16=12m+4sm (SAT), respectively. Four pairs of 45S rDNA loci on IS, IIS, IIIL, and VL, as well as two pairs of 5S rDNA loci on IL and IVS in F. esculentum, and five pairs of 45S rDNA loci on IS, IIS, IIIL, VL, and VIIS, as well as three pairs of 5S rDNA loci on IL, IVS, and VIS in F. tataricum. There are differences in 45S and 5S rDNA loci between F. esculentum and F. tataricum, suggesting they are far in phylogenies. Based on 45S and 5S rDNA loci location and karyotype characteristics of mitotic metaphase chromosomes, eight pairs of homologous chromosomes of F. esculentum and F. tataricum all can be distinguished distinctly, respectively. Traditional karyotype analysis together with rDNA FISH was a powerful approach for the studies on cytogenetics and breeding in plants, especially for these species with very small and similar chromosomes.</p>

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