Metabolic Engineering of Methylotroph for Biosynthesis of Biodegradable Copolyesters from Methanol

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  • ORITA Izumi
    School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology
  • FUKUI Toshiaki
    School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology

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  • C1微生物の代謝改変によるメタノールを原料とした生分解性共重合ポリエステルの生合成

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Abstract

<p>Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) produced by bacteria is a marine biodegradable polymer which is a potential substitute for the petroleum-based polymers. Metabolic engineering is a powerful approach for the development of platforms for microbial cell factories. This review introduces our metabolic engineering of the model methanol-utilizing bacterium Methylorubrum extorquens aiming at biosynthesis of practical PHA from sustainable methanol. The wild-type strain AM1 synthesizes a homopolymer of C4 monomer unit ((R)-3-hydroxybutyrate)) with low cellular content using methanol substrate, whereas the engineered strain, with replaced PHA synthase and modified metabolic pathways for C1-assimilation and PHA synthesis, synthesizes PHA terpolymer composed of C4-C6 monomer units from methanol. The cellular content of the terpolymer was 4-times higher than that of the C4-homopolymer of the parent strain. However, enforcement of PHA biosynthesis was accompanied by reduction of methylotrophic growth, probably due to competition between the pathways for PHA biosynthesis and C1-assimilation. Interestingly, this trade-off was overcome by adding lanthanum ion into the culture medium.</p>

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