The Short-form Version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) : Reliability and Validity in Female Japanese Undergraduate Students

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  • Murakami Yuki
    Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University
  • Imamura Yukio
    Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University
  • Mitani Satoko
    Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University

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  • 女子大生を対象とした日本語版The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21（DASS-21）の信頼性と妥当性の検討
  • ジョシダイセイ オ タイショウ ト シタ ニホンゴバン The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21)ノ シンライセイ ト ダトウセイ ノ ケントウ

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<p>The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) is a well-established questionnaire for measuring depression, anxiety, and stress with good reliability and validity in English-speaking countries. DASS-21 is translated in several languages, such as German, French, and Japanese and used in various countries. However, the lack of appropriate reliability and validation among the Japanese population continues to pose concerns over the use of DASS-21 in Japan. We retranslated the original DASS-21 according to the translation and cultural adaptation process and evaluated the reliability and validity within the Japanese population. We also assessed the factor structure of the DASS-21. </p><p>Undergraduate students (141 women) filled out the DASS-21, Beck Depression Inventory-I (BDI-I), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Public Health Research Foundation stress check list short form (PHRF-SCL). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients showed the high internal consistency of DASS-21 and its subscales. The correlation analysis for item-total score (I-T correlation) demonstrated a significant positive relationship between total score of each subscale and score of each criterion. These results suggested DASS-21 has a high reliability. The correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship between DASS-21 and established questionnaires, such as BDI-I, STAI, and PHRF-SCL. This result demonstrated the validation of DASS-21. The multi-group exploratory factor analysis revealed that the DASS-21 has three factors as shown in original version, however, this showed that DASS-21 has a different structure, compared to original version. Further investigations of the reconstructed structure and psychometric properties of the DASS-21 are needed to discriminant validity.</p>

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