Effects of temperature on flowering overlaps between an alpine plant<i> </i>(<i>Plantago hakusanensis </i>Koids.) and a domestic alien plant (<i>P. asiatica </i>L.)

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  • Sano Saki
    Graduate School of Humanities and Sustainable System Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University Present address: Fukui Nature Conservation Center
  • Nakayama Yuichiro
    Graduate School of Humanities and Sustainable System Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University Present address: Graduate School of Sustainable System Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University
  • Nogami Tatsuya
    Hakusan Nature Conservation Center Present address: Section of Nature and Environment, Division of Life and Environment, Ishikawa Prefectural Government
  • Yagyu Atsushi
    Mt. Hakusan Weed Research Group

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Other Title
  • 気温が高山植物ハクサンオオバコ（<i>Plantago hakusanensis</i> Koidz.）と国内外来種オオバコ（<i>P. asiatica</i> L.）の開花重複に及ぼす影響
  • 気温が高山植物ハクサンオオバコ(Plantago hakusanensis Koidz.)と国内外来種オオバコ(P. asiatica L.)の開花重複に及ぼす影響
  • キオン ガ コウザン ショクブツ ハクサンオオバコ(Plantago hakusanensis Koidz.)ト コクナイ ガイライシュ オオバコ(P. asiatica L.)ノ カイカ チョウフク ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

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Abstract

<p>In the subalpine zone of Mt. Hakusan in Japan, an endemic alpine plant Plantago hakusanensis Koidz. flowers twice a year, and the second flowering event overlaps with P. asiatica L., a domestic alien plant flowering. As a result, interspecific pollination between P. hakusanensis and P. asiatica may occur. In this chapter, the effects of temperature on flowering in both species are examined through experiments.In P. hakusanensis, a second flowering event occurred in both low- and high-temperature treatments. Based on the relationship between the position of the inflorescence and the timing of flowering, P. hakusanensis forms flower buds during the growing season (preformation), overwinters with dormant flower buds, and blooms immediately after snow melts the following year. However, some flower buds reached flowering during the growing season; therefore, P. hakusanensis had a second flowering event. In contrast, P. asiatica forms inflorescences during the growing season and blooms throughout the year. Both species initiated flowering earlier, and more inflorescences were formed in the high-temperature treatment than in the low-temperature treatment. The distribution of flowering based on the effective total temperature greatly overlapped between the two species. These results suggest that flowering is temperature-dependent. It is thought that as temperature increases, the opportunity for interspecific pollination increases owing to the prolonged flowering period and increased overlap in the amount of flowering of both species, thus facilitating the occurrence of interspecific hybridization.</p>

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