Association between Oral Condition and Sarcopenia: A Cross-sectional Study

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  • INADA Sakura
    Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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  • 口腔状態とサルコペニアとの関連についての横断研究
  • コウコウ ジョウタイ ト サルコペニア ト ノ カンレン ニ ツイテ ノ オウダン ケンキュウ

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<p> Recently, the number of reports on the association between sarcopenia and the oral function has been increasing. However, in previous studies, few aspects of the oral condition, including oral function and number of teeth present, were examined in association with sarcopenia. Furthermore, there is a lack of consistency across studies, and the detailed associations have not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between various aspects of the oral condition, including oral function, and sarcopenia in older adults.</p><p> Patients aged 60 or over who visited the Department of Preventive Dentistry at Okayama University Hospital between October 2022 and June 2023 participated in this cross-sectional study. Sarcopenia, the oral condition, nutritional status, mental and psychological status, and comorbidities were recorded. For the oral condition, the bacterial count on the tongue dorsum, oral wettability, tongue pressure, tongue and lip movement function (oral diadochokinesis [ODK]), masticatory ability, bite force, and swallowing function were measured. The nutritional status was assessed using Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Mental and psychological statuses were assessed using Geriatric Depression Scale. Based on χ  2 and Mann-Whitney U tests, age, sex, tongue pressure, ODK for /pa/ and /ka/, number of teeth present, and MNA score were associated with sarcopenia. The results of covariance structural analysis showed that: high tongue pressure was associated with good nutritional status, good nutritional status was associated with non-sarcopenia, and age was associated with tongue pressure, nutritional status, and sarcopenia.</p><p> In conclusion, tongue pressure was associated with the nutritional status, and the nutritional status was associated with sarcopenia. The results suggest that a decrease in tongue pressure may lead to worsening of the nutritional status, which may cause sarcopenia.</p>

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