Promoting the process of twin fathers acquiring and developing their role as parents

<p>Objective</p><p>This study aimed to examine the developmental process by which fathers of twin infants settle into the parental role between the time they learn of the pregnancy and the age of three months to approximately one year and to find ways to help fathers assume the parental role from the early stages of pregnancy.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Web-based semi-structured interviews using the interview guide were conducted with 10 fathers of twins. The interview content was transcribed verbatim and labeled. Data were classified and analyzed using the Trajectory Equifinality Model.</p><p>Results</p><p>Seven participants were observed to be first-time fathers, and three were experienced in child-rearing. The analysis indicated nine essential paths and junctures. Fathers experienced surprise more than joy when they learned of the pregnancy, and experienced emotional suppression. The fathers were [concerned about the physical risk to the mother and fetus] after their wives became pregnant with multiple children, and they [supported their wives who were in physically unstable condition], but they were [unable to imagine fathering twins during the pregnancy]. When [the twins were born and he became the father], [he confirmed that they were twins through photos and videos during the post-delivery hospitalization]. After [the children were discharged from the hospital], [he and his wife began to raise their children together], and [as they faced the harsh reality of child-rearing], [he felt the burden of child-rearing], they demonstrates ingenuity [explored his role as a father]. As time progressed, they gathered inner strength and grew into their roles as fathers of the twins.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusion</p><p>Existing studies have revealed the child-rearing experiences and mental health status of fathers of multiple births. However, this study also clarified the developmental process observed among fathers from when they learned of the pregnancy to the present when they assumed their parental role, in addition to their child-rearing experience and mental health. The study results indicate that fathers must learn about the implications of “multiple births” from the gestational period and prepare themselves for child-rearing to assume the parental role confidently. Fathers need to cultivate emotional skills to deal with various conflicts that arise in child-rearing. Additionally, practicing parenting as a couple is essential for family bonding. Understanding and supporting the developmental process of fatherhood is crucial to strengthen the parental partnership between couples.</p>