Development of genomic and genetic resources facilitating molecular genetic studies on untapped Myanmar rice germplasms

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  • Furuta Tomoyuki
    Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University
  • Saw Ohm Mar
    Department of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Irrigation
  • Moe Sandar
    Department of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Irrigation
  • Win Khin Thanda
    Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
  • Hlaing Moe Moe
    Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
  • Hlaing Aye Lae Lae
    Department of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Irrigation
  • Thein Min San
    Department of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Irrigation
  • Yasui Hideshi
    Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
  • Ashikari Motoyuki
    Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University
  • Yoshimura Atsushi
    Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
  • Yamagata Yoshiyuki
    Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University

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<p>To counteract the growing population and climate changes, resilient varieties adapted to regional environmental changes are required. Landraces are valuable genetic resources for achieving this goal. Recent advances in sequencing technology have enabled national seed/gene banks to share genomic and genetic information from their collections including landraces, promoting the more efficient utilization of germplasms. In this study, we developed genomic and genetic resources for Myanmar rice germplasms. First, we assembled a diversity panel consisting of 250 accessions representing the genetic diversity of Myanmar indica varieties, including an elite lowland variety, Inn Ma Yebaw (IMY). Our population genetic analyses illustrated that the diversity panel represented Myanmar indica varieties well without any apparent population structure. Second, de novo genome assembly of IMY was conducted. The IMY assembly was constructed by anchoring 2888 contigs, which were assembled from 30× coverage of long reads, into 12 chromosomes. Although many gaps existed in the IMY genome assembly, our quality assessments indicated high completeness in the gene-coding regions, identical to other near-gap-free assemblies. Together with dense variant information, the diversity panel and IMY genome assembly will facilitate deeper genetic research and breeding projects that utilize the untapped Myanmar rice germplasms.</p>

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