満洲「水稲作」の嚆矢に関する一考察―朝鮮と満洲の日本人技術者の「乾稲」認識の差異に着目して―

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タイトル別名
  • A Study on the Origins of Manchurian “Paddy Rice Cultivation”:Focusing on How Japanese Engineers in Korea and Manchuria Perceive“Dry Rice” Differently
  • マンシュウ 「 スイトウサク 」 ノ コウシ ニ カンスル イチ コウサツ : チョウセン ト マンシュウ ノ ニホンジン ギジュツシャ ノ 「 カントウ 」 ニンシキ ノ サイ ニ チャクモク シテ

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説明

In this study, the author focuses on the difference in Japanese engineers’ perspectives on dry rice in Korea and Manchuria and reevaluates the theory in regards to the beginning of rice cultivation in Manchuria in 1875. Dry rice (kantō/geondo 乾稻) is one of the varieties of various species, such as the native species of rice found in Korea, including Yongcheon-se 龍川租, Daegu-s 大邱租, and Gyeyong-se 京租. Due to dry rice’s resistance towards droughts, it was possible to use a special cultivation method which involved sowing in a dry field and then moving to a wet field while waiting for the rain in the rainy season. Therefore, the dry rice was recognized as the wet field rice among the Japanese engineers in Manchuria. On the other hand, however, Japanese engineers in the northwestern part of Korea thought of it to be separate from the wet field rice and the land rice. In past research on rice cultivation in Manchuria, most researchers agreed that the cultivation of wet field rice was successful around 1875, along with the spread of wet field rice cultivation in various parts of South Manchuiria. The author presents an alternative view and argues that wet field rice cultivation spread to Manchuria via Korean immigrants during 1875. This led to Korean immigrants settling, arranging irrigation facilities, cultivating the dry rice, and “stabilizing” their cultivation skills by the end of the 19th century. In this paper, we focus on the rice cultivation research between Manchuria and Korea before the second world war, and point out that dry rice was historically cultivated in northwestern Korea and South Manchuria, while introducing the differences in knowledge between the two regions. In this paper, the characteristics of dry rice implemented the situation before wet field rice was imported, such as with Japanese species, and we clarify that the feature was one of the important nodes that shifted from native rice cultivation to modern rice cultivation.

収録刊行物

  • 東洋学報

    東洋学報 105 (4), 1-31, 2024-03-15

    東洋文庫

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