アイヌ語における「完了」表現があらわす証拠性

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • The “Perfect” Aspect and the Evidentiality in Ainu
  • アイヌゴ ニ オケル 「 カンリョウ 」 ヒョウゲン ガ アラワス ショウコセイ

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説明

In the Ainu language, which has no grammatical tense, and where the use of aspect form is not obligatory, the auxiliary verb ahas been described as a marker of past tense or perfect aspect (Kindaichi (1993[1931]), Chiri(1974[1936],1973[1942]), Tamura(1960,1988a), Sato(2006,2007,2008)). On this issue, Yoshikawa (2015) previously pointed out that the auxiliary verb ais also used in cases where it does not represent the past tense nor the perfect aspect, suggesting that it may refer to the nature of aparticular person, or to the speaker's knowledge. However, it remained to be seen what the precise function of the auxiliary verb awas that led to such expressions.In this article, I first make a claim that the aspectual function of the auxiliary verb ais perfective, not perfect. Then I proceed to the second claim that the auxiliary verb acan indicate direct evidentiality, and that the exceptional usage mentioned above of the auxiliary verb acould be explained by its evidential function.I further argue that, with reference to Yoshikawa (2018), it is not the auxiliary verb abut the auxiliary verb aanthat represents the perfect aspect, and also that the auxiliary verb aancan indicate indirect evidentiality. It is in this respect that I attempt to redefine the functions of those auxiliary verbs aand aan. The auxiliary verb amay appear in the end of a sentence with other elements such as a final particle or a connective particle, or it may be a component modification component. In the latter case, I suggest that the aspectual meaning has priority over the evidential meaning.

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