Efficacy of Mastication Training Using Ice Chips

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  • 氷を使った咀嚼訓練の有効性について
  • コオリ オ ツカッタ ソシャク クンレン ノ ユウコウセイ ニ ツイテ

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<p>Purpose: Dysphagia patients receiving treatment at acute care hospitals, undergoing temporary fasting or having an impaired swallowing function, are often prescribed modified diets not requiring mastication. However, this may cause patients to have a risk of reduced masticatory functions as a result of factors such as atrophy of masticatory muscles and sarcopenia. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of 4 weeks of ice-chip chewing training on masticatory functions.</p><p>Participants and Methods: We included patients with decreased masticatory ability, who had completed treatment, achieved stable disease status, had normal cognitive function, and only received nutrition orally. They were divided into two groups, namely an interventional group of 19 patients (13 men and 6 women; mean age, 78.8±13.6 years) and a control group of 11 patients (3 men and 8 women; mean age, 83.6±8.9 years). The masticatory ability of all patients in both groups was evaluated before and 4 weeks after mastication training using ice chips, and external observations were carried out during chewing motion. The interventional group received training twice daily (i.e. once in the morning and once in the evening), 5 times a week, for a 4-week period. Each patient of the interventional group chewed 10 ice chips (1.5–2 mL) in each training round.</p><p>Results: The masticatory ability of patients in the interventional group significantly improved after the mastication training using ice chips. In contrast, the control group showed no significant improvements in any variables.</p><p>Discussion: We believe that mastication training using ice chips can be used to improve masticatory functions.</p>

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